Archive for August, 2008

Turbo Mode Is Back!

For all of you geeks out there who miss being able to hit the turbo button on your 386, fret no more! While there’s no actual turbo button, (which is saddening, I know) Intel has announced at the Intel Developer Forum that the new “Nehalem” processors will come equipped with a turbo mode. The Nehalem chips which are slated to ship in Q4 of 2008 come with four cores, but use Intel’s Hyper-Threading Technology to make the system perform as if there were eight. The new turbo mode will allow the processor to turn off power to certain cores when they are not needed, thus reducing power consumption. Power usage becomes extremely important in laptops where battery life can be greatly increased and in data centers where a company may have hundreds or thousands of systems running 24×7.

Intel also showed off the first quad-core processor built for mobile computers, the mobile Intel Core 2 Extreme processor.

For the record, the older “Turbo mode” was slightly different. It was for slowing down the speeds of the machine to be compatible with some older software.

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Filed under News : Comments (0) : Aug 20th, 2008

Zimbra In an Hour

After spending a great deal of time the Zimbra forums helping others setup DNS and other assorted issues to get Zimbra servers up and running, I decided to create a quick tutorial on how to get up and running with Zimbra on Ubuntu 8.04.

For my installation, I’m using zimbra.whatan00b.com as my hostname and my IP is 10.211.55.9. I’m going to use i386 Ubuntu 8.04 server and Zimbra OS 5.0.7 (Zimbra 5.0.9 was actually released for the Ubuntu 8.04 platform during my writing, but at the beginning, 5.0.7 was the newest package available.). I used Webmin for management of the DNS server. it’s a little bit overkill for this project, but it seems to give beginners to bind some ‘training wheels’ for (hopefully) a slightly less steep learning curve. A small amount of Linux knowledge and comfort with the command line is required.

The partitioning and installation is outside the scope of this tutorial, but to begin I did a default install and picked the DNS server and SSH server “bundles” during the installation. You can run Zimbra on an existing web server if you should choose, but it gets a little more complicated and is outside the scope of this document. I am also assuming that the server is behind a NAT and you have properly configured all public-facing firewalls and DNS. For the setup, we will follow the Zimbra wiki steps on configuring a “Split DNS” for internal DNS resolution.

Before we get started, I want to add a disclaimer. This quick tutorial is meant for use in a proof-of-concept testing environment and to get a quick overview of the components necessary to get going. Please do not follow these steps and consider the machine production-ready. I do not cover setting up SSL on the web client or other services (the administration console uses SSL ‘out of the box’). With that out of the way and since we only have an hour, let’s get going.

We’ll begin by pulling down the Zimbra installer. You can find the Zimbra open source installers here. That’ll take a little while, so you can get that started running and flip over to a different terminal and keep moving once the download starts. For the current version at the time of writing, you can run:

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/zimbracommunity/zcs-5.0.7_GA_2450.UBUNTU8.FRANKLIN.tgz?modtime=1215025916&big_mirror=0

Now, we need to get rid of apparmor for Zimbra:

sudo apt-get purge apparmor

I then did a quick update just for good measure:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Next, we’ll configure our local DNS server. For my example, I used Webmin to configure my zone(s). First, let’s download and install webmin:

wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/webadmin/webmin_1.430_all.deb
dpkg --install webmin_1.430_all.deb

Dpkg will fail due to dependencies here, so we’ll have to go get those:

sudo apt-get install libnet-ssleay-perl openssl libauthen-pam-perl libio-pty-perl libmd5-perl

Once completed, you can connect to Webmin using a web browser on another machine. Since my example server is at IP address 10.211.55.9, I’ll connect to: https://10.211.55.9:10000. You can login with any user that has sudo access or with root.

After logging in to Webmin, click on Servers, then click on “BIND DNS Server”.

Then click on “Create master zone”.

You will need to create an “Address” with the same name as your hostname.

Be sure to put a “.” at the end of the FQDN. Then you’ll need to add a mail server to your new zone:

You can leave the Name blank empty and fill in the hostname (with a “.” at the end, remember) for the “Mail Server” blank and a priority of 10. Once you are done, apply the changes for the zone.

Next, we’ll need to edit the /etc/resolv.conf file to point to our new DNS server. You can use your favorite editor to open the file, I used vim:

sudo vim /etc/resolv.conf

You will need to add a line at the beginning of the file or replace the first namserver line to read:

nameserver localhost

Now, you should be able to resolve your hostname and MX record for the zone you setup. To make sure, we’ll do a dig on our domain:

wyatt@zimbra:~$ dig MX whatan00b.com

; <<>> DiG 9.4.2 <<>> MX whatan00b.com
;; global options: printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 12138
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;whatan00b.com. IN MX

;; ANSWER SECTION:
whatan00b.com. 38400 IN MX 10 zimbra.whatan00b.com.

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
whatan00b.com. 38400 IN NS zimbra.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
zimbra.whatan00b.com. 38400 IN A 10.211.55.9

;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Mon Aug 18 22:39:28 2008
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 90

wyatt@zimbra:~$ dig zimbra.whatan00b.com

; <<>> DiG 9.4.2 <<>> zimbra.whatan00b.com
;; global options: printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 51649
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;zimbra.whatan00b.com. IN A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
zimbra.whatan00b.com. 38400 IN A 10.211.55.9

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
whatan00b.com. 38400 IN NS zimbra.

;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Mon Aug 18 22:40:09 2008
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 74

Now that we can resolve our host, we’ll need to setup our /etc/hosts file. You’ll want to make sure that the hostname is set to what you want it to resolve as (mine is zimbra.whatan00b.com), then add it to the /etc/hosts file:

sudo vim /etc/hosts

Mine looks like this:

127.0.0.1 localhost
10.211.55.9 zimbra.whatan00b.com zimbra

We just need some prerequisites and we’re ready to go:

sudo apt-get install fetchmail libpcre3 libgmp3c2 libxml2 libstdc++5 libltdl3

Now we’re ready to rock with our actual Zimbra installation. Let’s extract the installer and get going:

tar zxvf zcs-5.0.7_GA_2450.UBUNTU8.FRANKLIN.tgz
cd zcs-5.0.7_GA_2450.UBUNTU8.FRANKLIN
sudo ./install.sh

The installer will get going and have you accept the license agreement and check out prerequisites. If one is missing, you can do a quick sudo apt-get install for whatever package is missing. I accepted all the default packages (ldap, logger, mta, snmp, store, apache, spell). Then you’ll want to type ‘y’ to continue the installation. The installer will then install the core packages on your system. Once that’s done, we begin the configuration.

The first part of the configuration is the most crucial and problematic part to users: DNS setup. The installer will first try to do an MX lookup using your machine’s hostname as the domain name. For my install, I changed the domain when prompted and changed it to “whatan00b.com”:

DNS ERROR resolving MX for zimbra.whatan00b.com
It is suggested that the domain name have an MX record configured in DNS
Change domain name? [Yes]
Create Domain: [zimbra.whatan00b.com] whatan00b.com
MX: zimbra.whatan00b.com (10.211.55.9)

Interface: 10.211.55.9
Interface: 127.0.0.1
done.

You will then be taken to the Zimbra configuration wizard. You can set any of the preferences you like, but the only required one is to set the admin username. You use the numbers and letters to navigate the menus to set properties. To set the admin user password, you first type ’3′ to get to the Zimbra “Store configuration” menu, type ’4′ to set the password. Then you use ‘r’ to get back to the main menu and ‘a’ to finish. The installer will take some time to finish and the time it takes really depends upon the hardware you’re using. I used a virtual machine inside Parallels on my MacBook so it took about half an hour to complete. At the end of the install it will start the services for you.

Once through the install, hop onto your favorite web browser and see if you can log in. For my instance, I navigated to: http://10.211.55.9 and up came the Zimbra sign-in page and logged in.

You can login to the administration console at https://10.211.55.9:7071 after accepting the self-signed certificates, of course. Once into the administration console, you can go ahead and start adding domains and users at will.

That’s it! You’re ready to start hacking away. If you’re stuck on a step, feel free to ask in the comments below or post in the Zimbra forums.

More Info

For more info on tuning your Zimbra server, check out my article on tuning Zimbra to use fewer resources.

For do-it-yourself troubleshooting or a deeper understanding of what’s going on in this setup, you may also want to check out my article on some of the pitfalls of Zimbra installation as well!

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Filed under How-Tos / Tips : Comments (24) : Aug 19th, 2008

Zimbra Releases Package for Ubuntu 8.04

Everyone’s favorite collaboration suite, Zimbra, released its newest version 5.0.9 late yesterday with something lots of open source enthusiasts have been begging for in the forums for some time: support for Ubuntu 8.04! In the past, Hardy Heron users had to wait for an alternate build to be released on sourceforge or build the install from scratch, or resort to running the older LTS Ubuntu release. Now, with the newest release, packages for both 32 and 64 bit Ubuntu 8.04 are available from Zimbra. The release also includes support for viewing multiple calendars on the iPhone.

The supported “Network Edition” is still in beta with limited support, but the community packages can be downloaded here.

Filed under Uncategorized : Comments (0) : Aug 19th, 2008

The Most Powerful Linux Utility

So, recently I’ve come across what I consider one of the greatest strengths of Linux so far. Forget about flexibility, reliability, and power. Forget about security, speed, and openness. Sure, Linux has all of those things, but that’s not what I’m talking about. I’ve been using Linux for years now and feel as though both the educational system and the communities surrounding Linux have failed me for not showing me the light earlier. My years learning shell scripting seem like a waste after learning this powerful tool.

Sure, everyone who knows anything about any Linux or UNIX-based OS’s knows how to use ‘ls’. ‘ls’ does have one major flaw, however, it’s not nearly as awesome as its fat-fingered friend ‘sl’. It all started yesterday when a coworker and I were working on configuring a new server. My coworker was having a bad typing day and consequently kept typing ‘sl’ instead of ‘ls’ in the command prompt. Since the machine we happened to be working on was Ubuntu server, it kept telling us that sl was not installed and we could install it by running a simple ‘apt-get install sl’. We kept going without thinking and eventually (somewhere around the 50th time) got curious as to what this sl application was and what it could bring to our lives. The moments that followed that simple apt-get command changed my view of Linux forever.

With sl installed, we began to dig in. According to the sl man page, sl is “aimed to correct users who accidentally enter sl instead of ls.” sl seems to be based upon some sort of new artificial intelligence that somehow knows that you really meant to type ls. It has all the popular ls options built-in such as -l and -a. What results is an extremely powerful, robust application that reminds you to not fat-finger commands. So, without any further adu, here’s a short video of what sl can do:

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Filed under Just for Fun : Comments (1) : Aug 18th, 2008

Western Digital to Release 20,000RPM Hard Drive

With solid state disks on the horizon, Western Digital has been rumored to release a 20,000RPM hard drive. The news came from bet-tech.net that Western Digital is making the drive as a response to pressure to start converting to solid state disks. Currently, the biggest bottleneck in computer systems seems to be I/O speed. We have processors with 4 cores, we tote notebooks with 4GB of memory, we have 80GB iPods for storing music and yet we’re still running on the same speed disks as years ago. Storage capacity in drives has seemed to become a non-issue for a lot of new systems. On Newegg.com right now, there are Western Digital drives with a capacity of 1TB for a trivial $159. RAIDs can improve the read speeds, capacity, and reliability of storage systems, but drives still remain somewhat slow. These drives will be expensive, no doubt, but hopefully a vast improvement on their 10,000 and 15,000RPM predecessors. Bit-tech has also reported that sources at Western Digital have said that a priority on the drive is also noise, which I imagine would become a problem with a disk spinning that fast. They plan on releasing the drive as a 2.5″ form factor and creating a 3.5″ housing to allow it to fit into larger bays. Solid state disks are definitely coming and definitely here to stay, however they’re not here yet. Cost and capacity are currently the two biggest concerns, as well as some technical concerns of the drives over conventional hard disk drives.

I haven’t seen a projected release date, however it better come fast as solid state disks are on their way.

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Filed under News : Comments (1) : Aug 18th, 2008

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